مجله سلامت جامعه
سال شانزدهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1401)

Today, marriage is not as simple as it was in the past, and young people at the age of marriage suffer from a fear or worry about marriage and issues related to cognitive distortions, maladaptive schemas and coping styles that individuals use against schemas. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of schema-based premarital education on fear of marriage and schema modes in single girls in Isfahan.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included single female students in Esfahan. The study sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by available sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group (15 people) and a control group (15 people). Data collection tools in two stages of pre-test and post-test were Samiei, Yousefi and Neshat-Doost Fear of Marriage questionnaire  (2014) and Young's Schemas Minds (2008). The experimental group received schema-based premarital education during 15 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group did not receive any training. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS software version 23.

The results showed that the scores of fear of marriage and schematic mentalities in the experimental group in the post-test had a significant decrease compared to the pre-test, but no significant difference was observed in the control group (p<0.05).

According to the research results, schema-based premarital education can be used as an important and key intervention in premarital education.

Autism is a complex disability that challenges not only the individual but also the family and society. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapies and acceptance and commitment on quality of life and mental well-being of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder.

This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a 3-month follow-up. The statistical population included all mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder presenting the autism association of Guilan province in 2019. Using available sampling method, 51 people were selected and randomly entered into the study in three groups of 17: cognitive-behavioral therapy, acceptance-based therapy, and commitment and witness therapy. Therapeutic interventions were applied for 2 months for the experimental groups. The control group did not receive any intervention. Demographic information checklists and Harper and Power quality of life questionnaires and Keys and Margiamo mental well-being questionnaires were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using repeated measures statistical methods of variance and Bephroni post hoc test at a significant level of 0.05 using Spss24 software.

The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment increased the quality of life and mental well-being of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (p<0.001). Moreover, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment in increasing the quality of life and mental well-being of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (p>0.05).

According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the use of interventions based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment can increase the quality of life and mental well-being in mothers of children with spectrum disorders.

Cancer can affect the quality of life of patients. The aim of this study was to determine the quality of life of patients with gastric cancer and its related factors.

This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study samples were 108 patients with gastric cancer admitted to oncology wards and outpatients of Valiasr Hospital in Zanjan in the spring of 2017 who were studied by census method. Data collection tools were the demographic information form and questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30.V.3). Mean and standard deviation were calculated using descriptive statistics. Due to the normality of the data, parametric tests were used to compare the two groups by independent t-test and for more than two groups, analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to determine the relationship.

The mean age of patients was 51.92 ± 8.78 years. All patients reported poor quality of life in all three areas of function, symptoms and overall dimension with a mean of 43.43, 69.77, 42.20, in a weak range. Men had better quality of life in terms of symptoms (p=0.002) and overall (p=0.021). Functional area increased with age (r=0.199) (p=0.039) and duration of diagnosis (r=0.191) (p=0.048). All dimensions were more unfavorable in patients with rented housing (p=0.024). There was no significant relationship between job, level of education, marital status, number of hospitalizations, number of family members and children, with quality of life.

According to the findings of the study, it is recommended that various support systems in the community, including the health care system, provide educational and counseling services and comprehensive support.

Sexual self-esteem and low sexual function are among the functional consequences of erectile dysfunction; which necessitate the implementation of psychological interventions. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of combined cognitive-behavioral therapy and moderating negative cognitive bias on sexual self-esteem and sexual function in men with erectile dysfunction.

The statistical population of this quasi-experimental study included all men with erectile dysfunction in Isfahan in 2019. 30 men who received a diagnosis of erectile dysfunction based on receiving scores between 20-16 in the International Index of Erectile Function were selected as the statistical sample using available sampling and they were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The groups completed the International Index of Erectile Function (1997) and Sexual Self-Esteem (Zeanah and Schwarz, 1996) and after completing a combination of 8 sessions of 60 to 90 minutes (two sessions per week for 4 weeks) cognitive-behavioral therapy and 4 sessions of 60 to 90 minutes (1 session per week for 4 weeks) moderating negative cognitive bias in the experimental group, tools were completed in the groups. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy and modulation of negative cognitive bias had a positive effect on increasing sexual self-esteem (p= 0.001, Eta=0.09) and sexual function (p= 0.001, Eta=0.04) in men with erectile dysfunction.

The use of combined cognitive-behavioral therapy and moderating negative cognitive bias is recommended as a non-pharmacological intervention method to improve sexual self-esteem and sexual function in patients with erectile dysfunction.

Calcium flux disorders due to STIM1, ORAI1 and MG29 may contribute to muscle atrophy. Therefore, This study aimed to determine the effect of decreased physical activity through Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI) on the expression of these genes in rat soleus muscle after three exercise training models.

The present study was an experimental study that was conducted in Kerman university of medical sciences in 2020. 32 eight-week-old rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: CCI (Sham-CCI), CCI-endurance training (CCI-E), CCI-strength training (CCI-S), and CCI-combined training (CCI-CO). The training program was of 6 weeks’ duration, 4 sessions per week. Real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of genes. To determine the significance of the differences between the variables, one-way ANOVA test ,and if necessary, tukey test, was used.

The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference in STIM1 (F=134/98, p=0/001), MG29 (F=245/12, p<0/001) and ORAI1 (F=152/58, p=0/001) gene expression. Furthermore, tukey test results showed that STIM1 and MG29 gene expression in CCI-CO group was more than those in Sham-CCI and CCI-E groups. Also, ORAI1gene expression in CCI-CO group was more than those in Sham-CCI, CCI-E and CCI-S groups (p<0.05).     

The results showed that the decrease in physical activity through CCI leads to calcium hemostasis disorders. On the other hand, combined training increases gene expression of involving calcium flux, and decreases disorders of calcium  hemostasis and muscle atrophy.

Adolescence is one of the most sensitive stages of human development, and enough attention should be paid to the psychological problems of this stage. To this end, the present study aims to compare the effectiveness of psychodrama and transactional analysis on anger in male adolescents.

This semi-experimental study was performed based on a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The target population consisted of all third grade male students in ordinary public junior high schools in Khorramdareh in the academic year 2019-2020. In total, 30 Male students were selected using an available sampling method and randomly divided into three groups. Members of both experimental groups received their treatment in eight 90-minute sessions. The control group did not receive any treatment. The research instrument was the Nelson Children and Adolescents Anger Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA and the Bonferroni post-hoc test.

In the pre-test stage, mean and standard deviation of the scores was 99.20±14.57 in the psychodrama group, 93.70±10.36 in the transactional analysis, and 96.90±14.28 in the control group. Compared to the control group, psychodrama and interaction behavior analysis reduced male adolescent anger in the post-test (p<0.001). At the follow-up stage, the effect of these two treatments on anger was lasting (p<0.001). The effect of transactional analysis on male adolescent anger in the post-test phase was greater than that of psychodrama (p=0.014).

According to the results of this study, psychodrama and transactional analysis can be effective in reducing aggression in adolescent boys. These interventions can be used to reduce adolescent aggression.

Infertile women are always exposed to a lot of anxiety and stress, and this affects their sexual function and quality of married life. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of sexual skills training on genital self-image, psychological distress and meta-worry of infertile women.

The quasi-experimental research design was pretest and posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all infertile women admitted to Abadan Health Center in 2020. Using available sampling method, 40 people were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 20 people. The research instruments included Meta-worry Questionnaire, Depression Inventory, Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire, and Genital Self-Imaging Questionnaire. For the experimental group, 6 sessions of weekly program were applied for 1 hour per week, but the control group did not receive any program. Data analysis was performed by multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results of this study showed that sexual skills training after 6 sessions of intervention had a significant effect on reducing the score of depression, anxiety, stress and meta-worry in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Also, the results showed that the mean score of genital self-image in the experimental group in the post-test stage was significantly different from the score of the control group. (p<0.05)

The results of the present study showed that sexual skills training is an effective strategy in improving psychological symptoms and genital self-image in infertile women and can be used as an effective treatment method in centers providing marital services and Infertility used.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that widely affects the lives of patients and adherence to treatment and hope is an important component in the successful management of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on life expectancy and following the doctor's order in patients with type 2 diabetes of Savadkooh Shohada ZirAab Hospital.

The present study was a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all diabetic patients admitted to the Diabetes Clinic of Savadkooh Shohada ZirAab Hospital in 2019. Thirty people were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental group (15 people) and the control group (15 people). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90-minute treatment based on acceptance and commitment and no action was taken for the control group. Data collection tools included a life expectancy questionnaire and a general adherence scale. The research data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19 and analysis of covariance.

The results showed that the pre-test and post-test scores of the control group in overall compliance were 12.27±2.08 and 13.26±1.57 and life expectancy 57.26±4.47 and 58.13±5.31, respectively. The pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group in overall compliance were 13.46±2.82 and 22.33±3.49, respectively, and life expectancy was 57.80±4.27 and 67.60±3.66, respectively. By controlling the pre-test scores, the effect of the group on the post-test score of the variables of general adherence (F= 100.47, p= 0.001) and life expectancy (F= 32.29, p= 0.001) was significant. Commitment and acceptance intervention caused a significant increase in the scores of variable overall adherence and hope in the intervention group compared to the control group.

According to the results, commitment and acceptance therapy can be used to help patients with diabetics increase their doctor's instructions and life expectancy.